What is the internet?
The internet is a global network of networks that agree on shared protocols (TCP/IP). The web — the pages you browse — is just one service riding on it.
Just know.
23 facts — science, space, the body, the world. No fluff.What is artificial intelligence?
Artificial intelligence is the engineering of systems that perform tasks we associate with minds — understanding language, recognising images, planning. Modern AI is mostly pattern-learning from data, not consciousness.
What is machine learning?
Machine learning is programming by example: instead of writing rules, you show a model data and it tunes itself to find the patterns. Every spam filter and recommendation feed uses it.
What is a large language model?
An LLM is a neural network trained on massive text to predict the next word — and scale turns that into translation, coding, and reasoning abilities. Chatbots like this one run on them.
What is open source?
Open source software ships its source code under a licence that lets anyone read, modify and share it. Linux, Python and Firefox are all built this way.
What is Git?
Git is the version-control system that records every change to a codebase, letting many people work at once without overwriting each other. GitHub hosts Git repositories online.
What is HTTPS?
HTTPS is HTTP wrapped in TLS encryption, so the page you request and its contents can't be read or tampered with in transit. The padlock in your address bar means it.
What is encryption?
Encryption scrambles data so only someone holding the right key can read it. End-to-end encrypted means even the service provider can't decrypt it — the way Oseen private shares work.
What is a browser cookie?
A cookie is a small file a website stores in your browser to remember you between visits. Third-party cookies follow you across sites — the mechanism behind much web advertising.
What is "the cloud"?
The cloud is just other people's computers you rent — servers in data centres reached over the internet. It replaced owning boxes in your own closet.
What is a database?
A database is software that stores and retrieves structured data reliably at scale. Everything from your bank balance to this fact list lives in one.
What is a domain name?
A domain name (like oseen.vercel.app) is a human-readable label mapped to numeric IP addresses by DNS — the internet's phone book.
What does a CPU do?
The CPU is the chip that executes a program's instructions, billions per second. Modern phones carry more compute than the Apollo guidance computer by a factor of millions.
Why are GPUs important for AI?
GPUs were built to render graphics with thousands of small parallel cores — which happens to match how neural networks compute. The AI boom runs on them.
What is a blockchain?
A blockchain is an append-only ledger replicated across many computers, so past entries can't be quietly rewritten. Bitcoin introduced it in 2009.
Who invented the QR code?
Denso Wave engineer Masahiro Hara invented the QR code in 1994 to track car parts — its design was inspired by the black-and-white density of the board game Go.
What is Wi-Fi?
Wi-Fi is wireless networking using radio waves around 2.4, 5 and 6 GHz. The name is a made-up brand — it doesn't stand for anything.
Why is it called Bluetooth?
Bluetooth is named after 10th-century Danish king Harald "Bluetooth" Gormsson, who united Denmark and Norway — the tech unites devices. Its logo is his runic initials.
Why do sites say "we can't see your password"?
Good sites never store your password — they store a one-way hash of it. When you log in, they hash what you type and compare. That's why "reset" (not "remind") is the only option.
What is two-factor authentication?
2FA adds a second check beyond your password — a code from an app, a hardware key, a fingerprint. It blocks the vast majority of account-takeover attacks.
What is phishing?
Phishing is fraud by impersonation: fake emails or sites that trick you into handing over credentials or money. Check the sender's domain, not just the logo.
What is 5G?
5G is the fifth generation of mobile network standards — faster, lower latency, and able to connect far more devices at once than 4G.
What is an API?
An API is a defined way for programs to talk to each other — a menu of requests a service will answer. When apps "talk", it's APIs all the way down.